Tkinter (' Tk Interface')is python's standard cross-platform package for creating graphical user interfaces (GUIs). It provides access to an underlying Tcl interpreter with the Tk toolkit, which itself is a cross-platform, multilanguage graphical user interface library. Tkinter isn't the only GUI library for python, but it is the one that comes standard. Additional GUI libraries that can be used with python include,,. Tkinter's greatest strength is its ubiquity and simplicity. Test po linejnoj algebre 3. It works out of the box on most platforms (linux, OSX, Windows), and comes complete with a wide range of widgets necessary for most common tasks (buttons, labels, drawing canvas, multiline text, etc).

Tkinter8.5reference:aGUIfor Python John W. Shipman 2013-12-31 17:59 Abstract Describes the Tkinterwidget set for constructing graphical user interfaces (GUIs) in the Python programming language. Includes coverage of the ttk themed widgets. This publication is available in Web form 1 and also as a PDF document 2. Please forward any comments to.

As a learning tool, tkinter has some features that are unique among GUI toolkits, such as named fonts, bind tags, and variable tracing. Differences between python 2 and 3 Tkinter is largely unchanged between python 2 and python 3, with the major difference being that the tkinter package and modules were renamed.

Importing in python 2.x In python 2.x, the tkinter package is named Tkinter, and related packages have their own names. For example, the following shows a typical set of import statements for python 2.x: import Tkinter as tk import tkFileDialog as filedialog import ttk Importing in python 3.x Although functionality did not change much between python 2 and 3, the names of all of the tkinter modules have changed. Marathi serial online free.

The following is a typical set of import statements for python 3.x: import tkinter as tk from tkinter import filedialog from tkinter import ttk Further Reading • • • • • • Versions. Tcl Version Release Date 2016-------03-09 Python Version Release Date 2016---------------10-16 Hello, World! (minimal) Let's test our basic knowledge of tkinter by creating the classic 'Hello, World!' First, we must import tkinter, this will vary based on version (see remarks section about 'Differences between Python 2 and 3') In Python 3 the module tkinter has a lowercase t: import tkinter as tk In Python 2 the module Tkinter has a uppercase T: import Tkinter as tk Using as tk isn't strictly necessary but we will use it so the rest of this example will work the same for both version. Now that we have the tkinter module imported we can create the root of our application using the Tk class: root = tk.Tk() This will act as the window for our application. (note that additional windows should be Toplevel instances instead) Now that we have a window, let's add text to it with a Label label = tk.Label(root, text='Hello World!' ) # Create a text label label.pack(padx=20, pady=20) # Pack it into the window Once the application is ready we can start it (enter the main event loop) with the mainloop method root.mainloop() This will open and run the application until it is stopped by the window being closed or calling exiting functions from callbacks (discussed later) such as root.destroy().

Putting it all together: import tkinter as tk # Python 3.x Version #import Tkinter as tk # Python 2.x Version root = tk.Tk() label = tk.Label(root, text='Hello World!' ) # Create a text label label.pack(padx=20, pady=20) # Pack it into the window root.mainloop() And something like this should pop up: Hello, World! (modular, object-oriented) import tkinter as tk class HelloWorld(tk.Frame): def __init__(self, parent): super(HelloWorld, self).__init__(parent) self.label = tk.Label(self, text='Hello, World!' ) self.label.pack(padx=20, pady=20) if __name__ == '__main__': root = tk.Tk() main = HelloWorld(root) main.pack(fill='both', expand=True) root.mainloop() Note: It's possible to inherit from just about any tkinter widget, including the root window. Inheriting from tkinter.Frame is at least arguably the most flexible in that it supports multiple document interfaces (MDI), single document interfaces (SDI), single page applications, and multiple-page applications. Installation or Setup Tkinter comes pre-installed with the Python installer binaries for Mac OS X and the Windows platform.